| クラス |
危険評価レベル |
メーカー説明 |
| クラス1 |
正しい使用環境下では安全である。 |
・Class 1 lasers are products where the radiant power of the laser beam accessible (the accessible emission) is always below the Maximum Permissible Exposure value. Therefore, for Class 1 lasers the output power is below the level at which it is believed eye damage will occur. Exposure to the beam of a Class 1 laser will not result in eye injury. Class 1 lasers may therefore be considered safe. However, Class 1 laser products may contain laser systems of a higher Class but there are adequate engineering control measures to ensure that access to the beam is not reasonably likely. Examples of such products include laser printers and compact disc players. |
| クラス1M |
クラス1と同じではあるが、光学部品等との組み合わせよっては注意が必要。レーザー放射や光学部品で直接ビーム光を見ないこと。 |
・Class 1M lasers are products which produce either a highly divergent beam or a large diameter beam. Therefore, only a small part of the whole laser beam can enter the eye. However, these laser products can be harmful to the eye if the beam is viewed using magnifying optical instruments. Some of the lasers used for fibre-optic communication systems are Class 1M laser products. |
| クラス2 |
低パワーレーザー、人体の防護反応により障害を回避できる程度の出力(1mW以下)で安全である。レーザー放射ビーム光を直接覗かないこと。 |
・Class 2 lasers are limited to a maximum output power of 1 milliwatt or one thousandth of a watt (abbreviated to mW) and the beam must have a wavelength between 400 and 700 nm. A person receiving an eye exposure from a Class 2 laser beam, either accidentally or as a result of someone else's deliberate action (misuse) will be protected from injury by their own natural aversion response. This is a natural involuntary response which causes the individual to blink and avert their head thereby terminating the eye exposure. Repeated, deliberate exposure to the laser beam may not be safe. Some laser pointers and barcode scanners are Class 2 laser products |
| クラス2M |
クラス2と同じではあるが、光学部品等との組み合わせよっては危険があり注意が必要。レーザー放射ビーム光を直接、又は光学部品を通して覗かないこと。 |
・Class 2M lasers are products which produce either a highly divergent beam or a large diameter beam. Therefore, only a small part of the whole laser beam can enter the eye and this is limited to 1 mW, similar to a Class 2 laser product. However, these products can be harmful to the eye if the beam is viewed using magnifying optical instruments or for long periods of time. Some lasers used for civil engineering applications, such as level and orientation instruments are Class 2M laser products. |
| クラス3R |
直接的なレーザービーム観察は危険になるケースがあり。エネルギーの放射レベルがクラス2の五倍以下。目への直接照射は危険。 |
・
Class 3R lasers are higher powered devices than Class 1 and Class 2 and may have a maximum output power of 5 mW or 5 times the Accessible Emission Limit (AEL) for a Class 1 product. The laser beams from these products exceed the maximum permissible exposure for accidental viewing and can potentially cause eye
injuries. This Class, which was introduced into the British Standard with Amendment 3, replaces the former Class 3A and the low power part of Class 3B. Class 3A had the additional requirement that the irradiance of the laser beam
should not exceed 25 W m-2. The effect of the irradiance limit was to restrict the power admitted to a fully dilated human eye (taken as a 7 mm acceptance aperture) to 1 mW. As such, accidental exposure to a Class 3A laser beam was no more hazardous than accidental exposure to a Class 2 laser beam. An individual accidentally exposed would be protected from injury by their natural aversion response. Class 3A laser pointers were, however, potentially hazardous when viewed with an optical aid such as binoculars and were therefore not suitable for the general consumer.
However, to satisfy the irradiance criteria, a laser pointer with an output power greater than 1 mW would have to produce an expanded beam to reduce the irradiance below 25 W m-2. As the characteristic feature of a laser pointer is the small spot produced by the narrow beam, expanding the beam area to satisfy the irradiance criteria effectively destroys this useful property. It was therefore extremely unlikely that a laser pointer with a power output in excess of 1 mW would satisfy the Class 3A AEL criterion. Therefore, in general, laser pointers were either Class 1, Class 2 or Class 3B products. The former Class 3B laser pointers, which did not exceed 5 mW, are now Class 3R. The American Standard2 does not have the Class 3A irradiance criteria previously specified in the British Standard. Therefore, a correctly classified American Class IIIA laser pointer would have become Class 3B device when classified against the British Standard. The use of Roman numerals should indicate that the product has been classified in accordance with the American Standard. In practice, examples occur where an inappropriate 3A label has been substituted for the IIIA label. All of the American IIIA laser products will now be Class 3R under the British Standard. Examples of Class 3R products include some laser pointers and some alignment products used for home improvement work.
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| クラス3B |
直接、又は反射によるレーザー光を見ることは危険である。レーザービーム光の眼や皮膚への照射は危険、見たり触れたりしないこと。 |
・Class 3B lasers may have an output power of up to 500 mW (half a watt). Class 3B lasers may have sufficient power to cause an eye injury, both from the direct beam and from reflections. The higher the output power of the device the greater the risk of injury. Class 3B lasers are therefore considered hazardous to the eye. However, the extent and severity of any eye injury arising from an exposure to the laser beam of a Class 3B laser will depend upon several factors including the radiant power entering the eye and the duration of the exposure. Examples of Class 3B products include lasers used for physiotherapy treatments and many research lasers. |
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